

Big policy initiatives or major programmes can be so complex that outcomes are hard to specify. Promises happen when the decision process finishes, and if the decision is poor, those promises will be broken, it's just a matter of time.
Decisions don't happen just at the top. They happen throughout the organisation. If there isn't enough pushback on a poor decision at initiation, resistance doesn't go away. It morphs into delay, compromise, disengagement or mindless compliance and delegation upward.

Sein works to make resistance visible, so that decisions remain contestable longer, confidence is tested and fewer promises outrun reality.